If learning to reason is, to a large extent, learning to anticipate counterarguments,

then the best solution might be to expose people to more counterarguments—to make people argue more. […]
Arguing, it seems, makes one a better reasoner across the board. By being confronted with counterarguments on a specific topic, one learns to anticipate their presence in other contexts.

Hugo Mercier and Dan Sperber in “The Enigma of Reason”; pages 297-298